H. pylori infection increases the risk of stomach cancer in the lower part of the stomach by around 6 times. Not all patient suffered from HP infection will have stomach cancer. Diet and smoking may interact with HP to cause stomach cancer. The bacteria can cause an inflammatory condition called severe chronic atrophic gastritis (SCAG) and this can lead to stomach cancer. Patient with SCAG have increased risk of stomach cancer in both the upper and lower parts of stomach. HP infection can be treated with a course of antibiotic treatment.
2. diet
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Food that is very salty may increases the risk of stomach cancer. In Japan, the incidence of stomach cancer is very high because very salty pickled foods are popular among Japanese. Food with N-nitroso compound may also increase the risk of stomach cancer. Most of the preserved food contains high amount of these compound. Eat lots of vegetables and fruits can reduced the risk of getting stomach cancer.This is because these foods contain high levels of antioxidant vitamins. Vitamin C in particular may help to prevent damage to the stomach lining that can lead to cancer. Vitamin A has been shown to protect against stomach cancer. Vitamin B6 may also have protective effect. After 1970, the incidence of stomach cancer in Uk reduce significantly because the changes of diet. In UK about 1 in 3 adults eat enough fruit and vegetables.
3. smoking
Smokers have twice risk of stomach cancer compared to non smokers. The substance in the cigarette causing the cancer. About 1 in 5 stomach cancers in the UK is caused by smoking.
4. family history
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Brothers, sisters and children of patient with stomach cancer have an increased risk of getting stomach cancer. Certain part of the world will consider endoscopic screening for relatives of stomach cancer patient.